Ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yefilimu eshwabene ye-PVC kunquma ngokuqondile umthamo wokukhiqiza webhizinisi, izindleko, nokuncintisana kwemakethe. Ukusebenza kahle okuphansi kuholela ekumoshweni komthamo kanye nokubambezeleka kokulethwa, kuyilapho ukukhubazeka kwekhwalithi (njengokuncipha okungalingani nokungaphumeleli obala) kubangela izikhalazo kanye nembuyiselo yamakhasimende. Ukuze kuzuzwe ukuthuthukiswa okumbaxambili “kokusebenza kahle okuphezulu + kwekhwalithi ephezulu,” imizamo ehlelekile iyadingeka kuzo zonke izici ezine ezibalulekile: ukulawulwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini, ukucolisiswa kwenqubo, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi. Ngezansi kunezixazululo eziqondile, ezisebenzayo:
Ukulawula Umthombo: Khetha Izinto Ezisetshenziswa Kabusha Ezilungile ukuze Unciphise “Izingozi Zokusebenza Kabusha” Ngemva Kokukhiqiza
Izinto ezingavuthiwe ziyisisekelo sekhwalithi kanye nemfuneko yokusebenza kahle. Izinto zokusetshenziswa ezisezingeni eliphansi noma ezingahambisani kahle zenza ukuthi kume ukukhiqizwa okuvamile ukuze kulungiswe (isb., ukususa izinto ezivimbekile, ukuphatha udoti), kunciphisa ngokuqondile ukusebenza kahle. Gxila ezinhlotsheni ezintathu ezibalulekile zezinto zokusetshenziswa:
1.I-PVC Resin: Beka phambili "Ukuhlanzeka Okuphezulu + Izinhlobo Ezithile Zohlelo Lokusebenza"
• Ukufanisa Imodeli:Khetha inhlaka enenani elifanele le-K elisuselwe kubukhulu befilimu yokuncipha. Kumafilimu azacile (0.01–0.03 mm, isb, ukupakishwa kokudla), khetha inhlaka enenani lika-K lama-55–60 (uketshezi oluhle lokukhipha kalula). Kumafilimu awugqinsi (0.05 mm+, isb, ukupakishwa kwephalethi), khetha inhlaka enenani lika-K lika-60–65 (amandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokukhala). Lokhu kugwema ukushuba kwefilimu okungalingani okubangelwa ukungahambi kahle kwe-resin.
• Ukulawula Ukuhlanzeka:Idinga abahlinzeki ukuthi banikeze imibiko yokuhlanzeka kwe-resin, iqinisekisa ukuthi okuqukethwe kwe-vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) okusele kungu-<1 ppm kanye nokungcola (isb., uthuli, ama-polymers aphansi) kungu-<0.1%. Ukungcola kungavala ukufa kwe-extrusion futhi kudale amaphinifa, okudinga isikhathi esengeziwe sokuphumula sokuhlanza futhi kuthinte ukusebenza kahle.
2.Izengezo: Gxila “Ekusebenzeni Kakhulu, Ukuhambisana, Nokuhambisana”
• Izinza:Shintshanisa izithasiselo zikasawoti oholayo eziphelelwe yisikhathi (ezinobuthi futhi ezivame ukuphuzi).i-calcium-zinc (Ca-Zn)ama-stabilizers ahlanganisiwe. Lokhu akuthobeli nje kuphela imithethonqubo efana ne-EU REACH kanye Nohlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu lwase-China kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwe-thermal. Emazingeni okushisa e-extrusion angu-170-200 ° C, anciphisa ukuwohloka kwe-PVC (ukuvimbela ukuphuzi kanye nokuqina) futhi ehlise amazinga emfucuza ngaphezu kuka-30%. Kumamodeli e-Ca-Zn “anezinto zokugcoba ezakhelwe ngaphakathi,” anciphisa nokungqubuzana kwe-die futhi andise isivinini sokukhipha ngo-10–15%.
• Ama-Plasticizers:Beka kuqala i-DOTP (dioctyl terephthalate) kune-DOP yendabuko (dioctyl phthalate). I-DOTP inokusebenzisana kangcono ne-PVC resin, inciphisa "ama-exudate" endaweni yefilimu (igwema ukunamathela kwe-roll nokuthuthukisa ukukhanya) kuyilapho ithuthukisa ukufana kokuncipha (ukushintshashintsha kwesilinganiso sokuncipha kungalawulwa ngaphakathi ±3%).
• ukupakishwa kwezimonyo)• Izithasiselo Ezisebenzayo:Kumafilimu adinga ukubonakala obala (isb., ukupakishwa kwezimonyo), engeza u-0.5–1 phr wesicacisi (isb., i-sodium benzoate). Kumafilimu asetshenziswa ngaphandle (isb., ukupakishwa kwezimonyo), ukupakishwa kwethuluzi lasengadini), engeza u-0.3–0.5 phr wesinqamuleli se-UV ukuze uvimbele ukuphuzi ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi unciphise izinsalela zomkhiqizo osuphelile.
3.Izinto Ezisizayo: Gwema “Ukulahlekelwa Okufihliwe”
• Sebenzisa izinto ezinciphisa ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu (isb, i-xylene) ezinomswakama ongu-<0.1%. Umswakama udala amabhamuza omoya ngesikhathi sokukhipha, okudinga isikhathi sokuphumula sokususa umoya (ukumosha imizuzu eyi-10-15 ngesenzeko ngasinye).
• Uma ugaywa kabusha ukusika konqenqema, qinisekisa ukuthi okuqukethwe kokungcola kokusebenza kabusha kungu-<0.5% (okuhlungwa ngesikrini se-100-mesh) futhi ingxenye yezinto ezigaywe kabusha ayidluli u-20%. Izinto ezigaywe kabusha ngokwedlulele kunciphisa amandla efilimu nokungafihli lutho.
Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezisetshenziswa: Yehlisa "Isikhathi Sokuphumula" futhi Uthuthukise "Ukunemba Kokusebenza"
Umnyombo wokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza "izinga lokusebenza elisebenzayo lemishini". Ukugcinwa kokuvimbela nokuthuthukiswa kokuzenzakalela kuyadingeka ukuze unciphise isikhathi sokuphumula, kuyilapho ukuthuthukisa ukunemba kwemishini kuqinisekisa ikhwalithi.
1.I-Extruder: Ukulawula Ukushisa Okunembile + Ukuhlanza Okujwayelekile Kwe-Die Ukugwema "Ukuvinjwa Nokuphuzi"
• Ukulawulwa Kwezinga lokushisa Okuhlukene:Ngokusekelwe ezicini zokuncibilika kwe-PVC resin, hlukanisa umgqomo we-extruder ezindaweni zokushisa ezi-3-4: indawo yokuphakelayo (140-160 ° C, inhlaka yokushisa ngaphambi kwesikhathi), indawo yokucindezela (170-180 ° C, inhlaka encibilikayo), indawo yokulinganisa (180-200 ° C, ukuqinisa ukuncibilika kwekhanda lendawo (575 ° C), kanye nokuvimbela ukuncibilika kwendawo ukwehliswa). Sebenzisa isistimu yokulawula izinga lokushisa ehlakaniphile (isb, i-PLC + thermocouple) ukuze ugcine ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kuka-±2°C. Izinga lokushisa elidlulele libangela ukuphuzi kwe-PVC, kuyilapho izinga lokushisa elinganele liholela ekuncibilikeni kweresin engaphelele kanye nokukhubazeka "kweso lezinhlanzi" (okudinga isikhathi sokuphumula ukuze kulungiswe).
• Ukuhlanza Okujwayelekile Kokufa:Hlanza insalela ye-carbonized material (imikhiqizo yokuwohloka kwe-PVC) kusuka ekhanda elifa njalo emahoreni angu-8-12 (noma ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwezinto) usebenzisa ibhulashi lethusi elizinikele (ukugwema ukunwaya udebe olufayo). Ezindaweni ezifile, sebenzisa isicoci se-ultrasonic (imizuzu engama-30 ngomjikelezo ngamunye). Izinto ezenziwe ngekhabhoni zibangela amachashaza amnyama efilimini, okudinga ukuhlelwa kwemfucuza ngesandla kanye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kahle.
2.Isistimu Yokupholisa: Ukupholisa Okufanayo Ukuqinisekisa "I-Film Flatness + Shrink Uniformity"
• Ukulinganiswa Kweroli Yokupholisa:Linganisa ukufana kwamaroli okupholisa amathathu nyanga zonke usebenzisa ileveli ye-laser (ukubekezelela <0.1 mm). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sebenzisa i-thermometer ye-infrared ukuqapha izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu kwe-roll (elilawulwa ku-20-25 ° C, umehluko wezinga lokushisa ngaphansi kwe-1 ° C). Izinga lokushisa elingalingani le-roll lidala amazinga okupholisa amafilimu angahambisani, okuholela ekwehlukeni kokuncipha (isb, ukuncipha okungu-50% kolunye uhlangothi no-60% kolunye) futhi kudinga kusetshenzwe kabusha kwemikhiqizo eqediwe.
• Ukuthuthukiswa Kwendandatho Yomoya:Ngenqubo yefilimu eshaywayo (esetshenziselwa amanye amafilimu amancane ashwabene), lungisa ukufana komoya kweringi yomoya. Sebenzisa i-anemometer ukuze uqinisekise umehluko wesivinini somoya endaweni eyindilinga yendawo yokukhipha iringi engu-<0.5 m/s. Isivinini somoya esingalingani sithuntubeza ibhamuza lefilimu, libangele “ukuchezuka kokuqina” nokwanda kwemfucuza.
3.I-Winding and Edge Trim Recycling: I-Automation Yehlisa “Ukungenelela Mathupha”
• I-Automatic Winder:Shintshela kuwindi lokuwilisa "eline-closed-loop tension control". Lungisa ukushuba kwesimo ngesikhathi sangempela (okusethwe ngokusekelwe kugqinsi lwefilimu: 5–8 N kumafilimu amancane, 10–15 N kumafilimu awugqinsi) ukuze ugweme “ukugoqa okuxekethile” (okudinga ukuhlehla okwenziwa ngesandla) noma “ukusonga okuqinile” (okubangela ukwelula kwefilimu nokuguqulwa). Ukusebenza kahle kwama-winding kukhuphuke ngo-20%.
• Ukugaywa Kabusha Kwezinsalela Ezisheshayo Ezikusayithi:Faka “uhlelo oludidiyelwe lwe-edge trim crushing-feeding” eduze komshini wokusika. Gcoba ngokushesha umkhawulo wonqenqema (ububanzi obungu-5–10 mm) owenziwe ngesikhathi sokusika futhi uwubuyisele ku-extruder hopper ngepayipi (okuxutshwe nezinto ezintsha ngesilinganiso esingu-1:4). Izinga lokugaywa kabusha kwe-Edge trim liyakhuphuka lisuka ku-60% liye ku-90%, linciphisa udoti wempahla eluhlaza futhi liqede ukulahlekelwa isikhathi ekuphatheni izinsalela zezandla.
Ukucwengwa Kwenqubo: Cwenga “Ukulawulwa Kwepharamitha” ukuze Ugweme “Ukukhubazeka Okuqoqiwe”
Umehluko omncane kumapharamitha wenqubo ungaholela ekuhlukeni okuphawulekayo kwekhwalithi, ngisho namathuluzi afanayo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa. Yakha “ithebula lokuma kwepharamitha” lezinqubo ezintathu ezibalulekile—ukukhipha, ukupholisa, nokusika—futhi uqaphe ukulungiswa ngesikhathi sangempela.
1.Inqubo ye-Extrusion: Lawula i-“Melt Pressure + Extrusion Speed”
• I-Melt Pressure: Sebenzisa inzwa yokucindezela ukuze uqaphe ukucindezela kokuncibilika ku-dies inlet (kulawulwa ku-15–25 MPa). Ingcindezi eyeqile (30 MPa) idala ukuvuza futhi idinga isikhathi sokuphumula ukuze silungiswe; ukucindezela okunganele (10 MPa) kubangela ukuncibilika okumpofu kokuncibilika kanye nokuqina kwefilimu okungalingani.
• Isivinini Sokukhipha: Setha ngokusekelwe kugqinsi lwefilimu—20–25 m/min kumafilimu amancane (0.02 mm) kanye no-12–15 m/min kumafilimu awugqinsi (0.05 mm). Gwema "ukunwebeka ngokweqile" (ukunciphisa amandla efilimu) okubangelwa isivinini esikhulu noma "ukumosheka kwamandla" ngenxa yejubane eliphansi.
2.Inqubo Yokupholisa: Lungisa “Isikhathi Sokupholisa + Izinga Lokushisa Lomoya”
• Isikhathi Sokupholisa: Lawula isikhathi sokuhlala kwefilimu kumaroli wokupholisa ngesekhondi elingu-0.5–1 (okutholwe ngokulungisa isivinini sokudonsa) ngemva kokuphuma kumshini wokupholisa. Isikhathi sokuhlala esinganele (<0.3 imizuzwana) siholela ekupholiseni kwefilimu okungaphelele kanye nokunamathela ngesikhathi sokusonga; isikhathi sokuhlala esiningi (>1.5 amasekhondi) sibangela “amabala amanzi” endaweni yefilimu (kunciphisa ukubonakala).
• I-Air Ring Temperature: Ngenqubo yefilimu eshaywayo, setha izinga lokushisa lendandatho yomoya libe ngu-5–10°C ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa elikuzungezile (isb., 30–35°C ngo-25°C endaweni ezungezile). Gwema "ukupholisa kungazelelwe" (okubangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwangaphakathi nokudabuka kalula ngesikhathi sokuncipha) emoyeni obandayo ovunguza ngokuqondile ibhamuza lefilimu.
3.Inqubo yokuSlitting: Enembile “Ukusetha Ububanzi + Ukulawula Ukuqina”
• Ububanzi Bokuhlukanisa: Sebenzisa isistimu yomhlahlandlela onqenqemeni ukuze ulawule ukunemba kokuhlukanisa, uqinisekise ukubekezelela ububanzi <±0.5 mm (isb, 499.5–500.5 mm kububanzi obudingekayo bekhasimende obungu-500 mm). Gwema ukubuyiselwa kwekhasimende okubangelwa ukuchezuka kobubanzi.
• I-Slitting Tension: Lungisa ngokusekelwe ekujimeni kwefilimu—3–5 N kumafilimu amancane kanye no-8–10 N kumafilimu awugqinsi. Ukucindezeleka okwedlulele kubangela ukunwebeka kwefilimu nokuguqulwa (ukunciphisa izinga lokuncipha); ukungezwani okwanele kuholela emiqulu yefilimu exegayo (ethambekele ekulimaleni ngesikhathi sokuthutha).
Ukuhlolwa Kwekhwalithi: “Ukuqapha Kwesikhathi Sangempela Ku-inthanethi + Ukuqinisekiswa Kwesampula Okungaxhunyiwe Ku-inthanethi” ukuze Uqede “Ukungavumelani Okuhlanganisiwe”
Ukuthola amaphutha ekhwalithi kuphela esigabeni somkhiqizo oqediwe kuholela ekulahlekeni kweqoqo eligcwele (ukulahlekelwa kokubili ukusebenza kahle kanye nezindleko). Sungula "isistimu yokuhlola inqubo ephelele":
1.Ukuhlola Ku-inthanethi: Bamba “Iziphambeko Ezisheshayo” Ngesikhathi Sangempela
• Ukuhlolwa kokuqina:Faka igeji yogqinsi lwe-laser ngemva kwamaroli okupholisa ukuze ulinganise ukujiya kwefilimu njalo ngemizuzwana engu-0.5. Setha “umkhawulo we-alamu yokuchezuka” (isb, ±0.002 mm). Uma umkhawulo weqiwe, isistimu ilungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo isivinini sokukhipha noma igebe lokufa ukuze kugwenywe ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo kwemikhiqizo engavumelani.
• Ukuhlolwa kokubukeka:Sebenzisa isistimu yokubona yomshini ukuze uskene indawo yefilimu, uhlonze amaphutha “njengamabala amnyama, amaphinifa, nama-creases” (ukunemba okungu-0.1 mm). Isistimu imaka ngokuzenzakalelayo izindawo ezinesici nama-alamu, okuvumela opharetha ukuthi bamise ukukhiqiza ngokushesha (isb, ukuhlanza ifasi, ukulungisa indandatho yomoya) kanye nokunciphisa imfucuza.
2.Ukuhlola Okungaxhunyiwe Ku-inthanethi: Qinisekisa "Ukusebenza Okubalulekile"
Isampula yomqulu owodwa oqediwe njalo emahoreni ama-2 futhi uhlole izinkomba ezintathu ezibalulekile:
• Isilinganiso Sokuncipha:Sika amasampula angu-10 cm × 10 cm, uwashise kuhhavini ongu-150°C imizuzwana engu-30, bese ukala ukushwabana endaweni yomshini (MD) kanye nesiqondiso esiphambene (TD). Idinga ukuncipha okungu-50–70% ku-MD kanye no-40–60% ku-TD. Lungisa isilinganiso se-plasticizer noma izinga lokushisa le-extrusion uma ukuchezuka kudlula ±5%.
• Ukubonisa ngale:Hlola ngemitha ye-haze, edinga inkungu <5% (kumafilimu abonisa ngale). Uma inkungu idlula izinga, hlola ukuhlanzeka kwe-resin noma ukuhlakazeka kokuqiniswa.
• Amandla Okuqina:Hlola ngomshini wokuhlola oqinile, odinga amandla e-longitudinal tensile ≥20 MPa namandla ashubile aguqukayo ≥18 MPa. Uma amandla enganele, lungisa inani le-resin K noma wengeze ama-antioxidants.
"I-Synergistic Logic" Yokusebenza Kahle Nekhwalithi
Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwefilimu ye-PVC shrink kugxile "ekwehliseni isikhathi sokuphumula nokumosha," okutholakala ngokujwayela izinto ezingavuthiwe, ukwenziwa ngcono kwemishini, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuzenzakalelayo. Ukuthuthukisa izikhungo zekhwalithi "zokulawula ukuguquguquka nokuvimbela amaphutha," okusekelwa ukucolisiswa kwenqubo nokuhlolwa kwenqubo ephelele. Okubili akuphikisani: isibonelo, ukukhetha ukusebenza kahle okuphezuluI-Ca-Zn stabilizersinciphisa ukuwohloka kwe-PVC (ithuthukisa ikhwalithi) futhi ikhulise isivinini sokukhipha (ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle); Amasistimu okuhlola ku-inthanethi avimba amaphutha (ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi) futhi agweme izinsalela zeqoqo (ukunciphisa ukulahleka kokusebenza kahle).
Amabhizinisi kudingeka asuke “ekuthuthukiseni indawo eyodwa” aye “ekuthuthukiseni okuhlelekile,” ahlanganise izinto ezingavuthiwe, okokusebenza, izinqubo, kanye nabasebenzi kube yiluphu evaliwe. Lokhu kuvumela ukufezwa kwezinjongo ezifana “nomthamo wokukhiqiza ophakeme ongu-20%, izinga lemfucuza eliphansi elingu-30%, kanye nenani elingu-<1% lokubuya kwekhasimende,” okusungula umkhawulo wokuncintisana emakethe yefilimu eshwabene ye-PVC.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-05-2025