Izithambisi ze-Barium Zinc ze-PVC Eqinile Neguquguqukayo Okudingeka Ukwazi

I-Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) imele njengenye yama-polymer aguquguqukayo kakhulu embonini yepulasitiki yomhlaba wonke, ithola indlela yayo yokungena emikhiqizweni eminingi kusukela kumapayipi okwakha kuya ngaphakathi kwezimoto kanye namafilimu okupakisha ukudla. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuza nephutha elibalulekile: ukungazinzi kokushisa okungokwemvelo. Uma ivezwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu adingekayo ekucutshungulweni—ngokuvamile i-160–200°C—i-PVC idlula ekukhishweni kwe-hydrochlorination okuzenzakalelayo, ikhiphe i-hydrochloric acid (HCl) futhi ibangele ukusabela kweketanga okonakalisa izinto. Lokhu konakala kubonakala njengokushintsha kombala, ukuphuka, kanye nokulahlekelwa amandla omshini, okwenza umkhiqizo wokugcina ungasetshenziswa. Ukuze kuxazululwe le nselele, iziqinisi zokushisa sezibe yizithasiselo ezibalulekile, futhi phakathi kwazo,Iziqinisi ze-Barium ZincKuvele njengendlela ethembekile nenobungani nemvelo esikhundleni sezinketho zendabuko ezinobuthi njengeziqinisi ezisekelwe ku-lead. Kulo mhlahlandlela, sizochaza ukuthi ziyini iziqinisi ze-Barium Zinc, ukuthi zisebenza kanjani, izinhlobo zazo ezahlukene, kanye nezicelo zazo ezithile kokubili ekwakhiweni kwe-PVC okuqinile nokuguquguqukayo.

Enhliziyweni yazo, ama-Barium Zinc Stabilizers (avame ukubizwa ngokuthiIsiqinisi se-Ba Znngesifinyezo sezimboni) zixubileizithako zensipho zensimbi, ngokuvamile yakhiwa ngokuphendula i-barium ne-zinc ngama-fatty acid amade afana ne-stearic noma i-lauric acid. Okwenza lezi ziqinisi zisebenze kahle isenzo sazo sokusebenzisana—insimbi ngayinye idlala indima ehlukile ekulweni nokuwohloka kwe-PVC, futhi inhlanganisela yazo inqoba imikhawulo yokusebenzisa noma iyiphi insimbi yodwa. I-Zinc, njengesiqinisi esiyinhloko, isebenza ngokushesha ukufaka esikhundleni ama-athomu e-chlorine ahlukene ku-PVC molecular chain, yakha izakhiwo ze-ester ezizinzile ezimisa izigaba zokuqala zokuwohloka futhi zilondoloze umbala wokuqala wezinto. I-Barium, ngakolunye uhlangothi, isebenza njengesiqinisi sesibili ngokunciphisa i-HCl ekhishwa ngesikhathi sokucubungula. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba i-HCl iyisisusa sokuwohloka okuqhubekayo, futhi ikhono le-barium lokuyisusa livimbela ukusabela kweketanga ukuthi kusheshise. Ngaphandle kwalokhu kuhlanganiswa okusebenzisanayo, i-zinc yodwa ingakhiqiza i-zinc chloride (ZnCl₂), i-Lewis acid enamandla ekhuthaza ukuwohloka—into eyaziwa ngokuthi “ukusha kwe-zinc” ebangela ukuba i-PVC ibe mnyama ngokuzumayo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Isenzo sikaBarium sokususa i-HCl sisusa le ngozi, sakha uhlelo olulinganiselayo olunikeza kokubili ukugcinwa kombala kokuqala okuhle kakhulu kanye nokuzinza kokushisa kwesikhathi eside.

Ama-Barium Zinc Stabilizers akhiqizwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko—uketshezi kanye nophuphu—ngalinye lifanela izidingo ezithile zokucubungula kanye nokwakheka kwe-PVC.Isiqinisi se-Liquid Ba Znkuyindlela evame kakhulu yokusetshenziswa kwe-PVC okuguquguqukayo, ngenxa yokuthi kulula ukuhlanganisa nokuhlanganisa ama-plasticizer. Ngokuvamile incibilikiswa kuma-alcohol anamafutha noma ama-plasticizer afana ne-DOP,iziqinisi zoketsheziZihlanganiswa kalula nezinqubo zokukhipha, ukubumba, kanye nokulungisa amakhalenda, okwenza zibe zilungele imikhiqizo edinga ukuguquguquka nokusebenza njalo. Ziphinde zinikeze izinzuzo maqondana nokunemba komthamo kanye nokugcinwa kwawo, njengoba zingapompulwa kalula futhi zigcinwe emathangini.Izithambisi ze-Barium Zinc eziphuphuNgokuphambene nalokho, zenzelwe izindawo zokucubungula ezomile, lapho zifakwa khona ngesikhathi sesigaba sokuhlanganiswa kokukhiqizwa kwe-PVC eqinile. Lezi zindlela zokwakheka ezomile zivame ukufaka izingxenye ezengeziwe njengeziqinisi ze-UV nama-antioxidants, okuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwazo ekusetshenzisweni kwangaphandle ngokuvikela kokubili ekuwohlokeni kokushisa kanye ne-UV. Ukukhetha phakathi kwezinhlobo zoketshezi kanye nempuphu ekugcineni kuncike ohlotsheni lwe-PVC (oluqinile vs. oluguquguqukayo), indlela yokucubungula, kanye nezidingo zomkhiqizo wokugcina njengokucaca, ukumelana nesimo sezulu, kanye nephunga eliphansi.

Ukuqonda ukuthi ama-Barium Zinc Stabilizer asebenza kanjani kokubili ku-PVC eqinile neguquguqukayo kudinga ukubhekisisa izidingo ezihlukile zesicelo ngasinye. I-PVC eqinile, equkethe i-plasticizer encane noma engenawo nhlobo, isetshenziswa emikhiqizweni edinga ubuqotho besakhiwo nokuqina—cabanga ngamaphrofayili efasitela, amapayipi okufaka amapayipi, amapayipi omhlabathi kanye nendle, kanye namapayipi okucindezela. Le mikhiqizo ivame ukuvezwa ezimweni zemvelo ezinzima, okuhlanganisa ukukhanya kwelanga, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, kanye nomswakama, ngakho-ke ama-stabilizer awo kumele ahlinzeke ngokuqina kokushisa kwesikhathi eside kanye nokumelana nesimo sezulu. Ama-Barium Zinc Stabilizer aphuzwayo afaneleka kakhulu lapha, njengoba angakhiwa ngezivikelo ze-UV ukuvimbela ukushintsha kombala nokulahlekelwa amandla omshini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Emapayipini amanzi aphuzwayo, isibonelo, izinhlelo ze-Ba Zn stabilizer zithatha ezinye izindlela ezisekelwe ku-lead ukuze zihlangabezane nemithetho yokuphepha ngenkathi zigcina ukumelana kwepayipi ekugqwaleni nasekucindezelweni. Amaphrofayili efasitela azuza ekhonweni le-stabilizer lokugcina ukuhambisana kombala, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amaphrofayili awaphuzi noma afiphale ngisho nangemva kweminyaka yokuchayeka elangeni.

I-PVC eguquguqukayo, ethembele kuma-plasticizer ukuze ifinyelele ukuguquguquka, ihlanganisa imikhiqizo eminingi, kusukela ekufakweni kwekhebula kanye nophahla kuya ngaphakathi kwezimoto, ukumbozwa kodonga, kanye namapayipi aguquguqukayo. Ama-Liquid Barium Zinc Stabilizers ayinketho ekhethwayo kulezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ngenxa yokuhambisana kwawo nama-plasticizers kanye nokulula kokufakwa ekwakhiweni. Ukufakwa kwekhebula, isibonelo, kudinga ama-stabilizers angamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu okukhishwa ngenkathi ehlinzeka ngezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokufakwa kogesi. Izinhlelo ze-Ba Zn stabilizer zihlangabezana nalesi sidingo ngokuvimbela ukuwohloka kokushisa ngesikhathi sokucubungula nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ukufakelwa kuhlala kuguquguquka futhi kumelana nokuguga. Ezimbozweni zaphansi kanye nodonga—ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezine-foam—Ama-Barium Zinc Stabilizers avame ukusebenza njengeziqalisi zama-ejenti okuqhuma, esiza ekwakheni isakhiwo se-foam esifunwayo ngenkathi egcina ukuqina kwezinto nokuphrinta. Ingaphakathi lezimoto, njenge-dashboards kanye nezimbozo zezihlalo, zidinga ama-stabilizers anephunga eliphansi, aphansi e-VOC (i-volatile organic compound) ukuze ahlangabezane nemithetho eqinile yekhwalithi yomoya, kanye nama-formulations e-liquid Ba Zn stabilizer anamuhla aklanyelwe ukubhekana nalezi zidingo ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ukusebenza.

Ukuze uqonde ukubaluleka kwama-Barium Zinc Stabilizers, kuyasiza ukuwaqhathanisa nezinye izinto ezivamile.Isiqinisi se-PVCIthebula elingezansi liqokomisa umehluko obalulekile phakathi kweziqinisi ze-Barium Zinc (Ba Zn), iziqinisi ze-Calcium Zinc (Ca Zn), kanye neziqinisi ze-Organotin—ezintathu zezinketho ezisetshenziswa kakhulu embonini:

Njengoba ithebula libonisa, ama-Barium Zinc Stabilizers asebenza endaweni ephakathi nendawo elinganisela ukusebenza, izindleko, kanye nokuphepha kwemvelo. Adlula ama-Ca Zn stabilizers ekuzinzeni kokushisa, okwenza afaneleke ukusetshenziswa lapho amazinga okushisa okucubungula ephakeme noma ukuqina kwesikhathi eside kubalulekile. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-Organotin stabilizers, anikeza ikhambi elingabizi kakhulu ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngobuthi obuhambisana namanye ama-Organotin compounds amafushane. Lokhu kulinganisela kwenze izinhlelo ze-Ba Zn stabilizer zaba ukukhetha okuthandwayo ezimbonini lapho ukuthobela imithetho, ukusebenza, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko kuyizinto eziza kuqala—kusukela ekwakheni kuya ekukhiqizweni kwezimoto.

Uma ukhetha i-Barium Zinc Stabilizer yokusetshenziswa kwe-PVC ethile, kunezici eziningana ezibandakanyekayo. Okokuqala, isilinganiso se-barium ne-zinc singalungiswa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile zokusebenza: okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-barium kuthuthukisa ukuzinza kokushisa kwesikhathi eside, kuyilapho okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-zinc kuthuthukisa ukugcinwa kombala kokuqala. Okwesibili, izinto eziqinisayo ezifana nama-epoxy compounds, ama-antioxidants, nama-phosphites zivame ukungezwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza, ikakhulukazi ekusetshenzisweni kwangaphandle noma kokucindezeleka okukhulu. Okwesithathu, ukuhambisana nezinye izithasiselo—kufaka phakathi ama-plasticizer, ama-filler, kanye nama-pigment—kumele kucatshangelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-stabilizer ayithinti kabi izakhiwo zomkhiqizo wokugcina. Isibonelo, kumafilimu aguquguqukayo abonakalayo, i-liquid Ba Zn stabilizer enezakhiwo eziphansi zokufuduka ibalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukucaca.

Uma sibheka phambili, isidingo sama-Barium Zinc Stabilizers kulindeleke ukuthi sikhule njengoba imboni ye-PVC iqhubeka nokushintsha izindlela ezinobuthi futhi ibheke ezixazululweni eziqhubekayo. Abakhiqizi batshala imali ekwakhiweni okusha okunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-VOC, bathuthukise ukuhambisana nama-plasticizers asekelwe ku-bio, futhi bathuthukise ukusebenza ekucutshungulweni kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Emkhakheni wokwakha, ukusunduza kwezakhiwo ezisebenzisa amandla kahle kuqhuba isidingo semikhiqizo eqinile ye-PVC efana namaphrofayili efasitela kanye nokufakwa kokushisa, okuncike kuma-stabilizers e-Ba Zn ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokuqina. Embonini yezimoto, imithetho eqinile yekhwalithi yomoya ithanda ukwakheka kwe-Barium Zinc okunephunga eliphansi kwezingxenye zangaphakathi. Njengoba lezi zitayela ziqhubeka, ama-Barium Zinc Stabilizers azohlala eyitshe lesisekelo ekucutshungulweni kwe-PVC, evala igebe phakathi kokusebenza, ukuphepha, kanye nokusimama.

Ekuphetheni, ama-Barium Zinc Stabilizer ayizithasiselo ezibalulekile ezivumela ukusetshenziswa kabanzi kwe-PVC eqinile neguquguqukayo ngokubhekana nokungazinzi kokushisa okungokwemvelo kwe-polymer. Isenzo sazo sokusebenzisana se-barium ne-zinc sinikeza inhlanganisela elinganiselayo yokugcina umbala kokuqala kanye nokuqina kokushisa kwesikhathi eside, okwenza zifaneleke ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zisesimweni sezinzinzisi zoketshezi zemikhiqizo ye-PVC eguquguqukayo njengokufakwa kwekhebula kanye nophahla noma izinzinzisi ezimpuphu zezicelo eziqinile njengamapayipi namaphrofayili efasitela, izinhlelo ze-Ba Zn stabilizer zinikeza enye indlela engabizi kakhulu nenobungani nemvelo kunezinzinzisi zendabuko. Ngokuqonda indlela yazo yokusebenza, amafomu omkhiqizo, kanye nezidingo ezithile zesicelo, abakhiqizi bangasebenzisa ama-Barium Zinc Stabilizers ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo ye-PVC esezingeni eliphezulu ehlangabezana nezidingo zezimboni nemithetho yesimanje.